Rome, Lazio · 1st century CE

Amphitheatrum Flavium (The Colosseum)

The largest amphitheater ever built, the Colosseum stands as the defining monument of ancient Rome and an enduring symbol of the city itself.

At a glance

This vast amphitheater dominates the center of Rome, capable of seating between 50,000 and 75,000 spectators. Originally called the Amphitheatrum Flavium, it remains the most impressive surviving structure from the Roman world. The Colosseum was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1980 as part of Rome’s historic center and recognized as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World in 2007.

History

Constructed during the Flavian dynasty, the amphitheater represents the pinnacle of Roman engineering and architectural ambition. It once hosted gladiatorial contests, animal hunts, and public spectacles that captivated thousands of citizens. Though damaged by earthquakes and stone robbers over centuries, the structure has survived substantially intact, preserving its monumental presence across nearly two millennia.

What you see

The Colosseum’s multi-tiered arched facade reveals the Romans’ mastery of the arch and their ability to organize vast interior spaces. Four stories of arcading rise above the arena floor, once enclosed by a retractable awning. The seating was arranged by social rank, and underground passages and chambers—visible today—supplied fighters, animals, and stage effects for performances.

Cultural significance

Recognized globally as Rome’s quintessential landmark, the Colosseum embodies the power and sophistication of ancient Roman civilization. Its image appears on coins, in literature, and in countless representations of Italy itself. As a monument to public spectacle and imperial authority, it continues to inspire architects and captivate millions of visitors annually.

Key facts

Address: Piazza del Colosseo, 1, 00184 Rome
Coordinates: 41.8900858, 12.4926095
Phone: 06 3996 7700
Official website: http://archeoroma.beniculturali.it/
Capacity: 50,000–75,000 spectators
UNESCO World Heritage Site: 1980
New Seven Wonders of the World: 2007

Practical information

Opening hours vary seasonally. From mid-February to mid-March: 08:30–17:00. Late March through August: 08:30–19:15. September: 08:30–19:00. October: 08:30–18:30. Late October through mid-February: 08:30–16:30. Closed December 25, January 1, and May 1. The ticket office closes one hour before closing time. Online tickets available at www.coopculture.it/ticket.cfm?office=Colosseo&id=2.

Getting there

The Colosseum occupies Piazza del Colosseo in central Rome, easily accessible by public transportation. The Colosseo Metro station (Lines B and B1) serves the monument directly, making it one of Rome’s most convenient archaeological sites to visit.

Sources & resources

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Historical events at this place (7)

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