Roman Houses of Celio
A layered archaeological site preserving four centuries of Roman domestic life, from a humble insula transformed into an elegant domus, adorned with frescoes from the late antique period.
At a glance
The Roman Houses of Celio offer an intimate glimpse into private life during Rome’s transition from pagan to Christian society. Excavated beneath street level on the Clivo di Scauro, the site comprises multiple rooms originally serving as shops and storage spaces that were repurposed into a refined residence during the third century A.D.
History
The structure began as a utilitarian insula—a multi-storey residential and commercial building typical of ancient Rome’s working classes. During the third century, portions were converted into a domus, a private house reflecting the owner’s elevated status. The site bears witness to the coexistence of pagan and Christian practices across more than four centuries of occupation and transformation.
What you see
The domus preserves expansive frescoed rooms among the finest examples of late antique decoration. These painted walls showcase the quality of materials and craftsmanship available to affluent Romans. Visitors can trace the building’s evolution through its layers—from utilitarian spaces converted into residential quarters, each phase visible in the archaeological record.
Cultural significance
The site embodies a crucial moment in Roman history: the shift from traditional pagan society toward Christian communities. Known also as the House of the Martyrs John and Paul, it represents how sacred narratives became embedded in domestic spaces. The frescoes constitute valuable documents of late antique artistic practice and taste.
Key facts
- Address: Clivo di Scauro, 00184 Roma
- Coordinates: 41.88637630587126, 12.491852045059202
- Phone: 06 7045 4544
- Official website: http://www.caseromane.it/
Practical information
For current opening hours and admission details, consult the official website. The site is located beneath street level on the steep Clivo di Scauro, a narrow ancient road on the Caelian Hill.
Getting there
The Roman Houses lie on the Clivo di Scauro in central Roma, near the Basilica of Santi Giovanni e Paolo. Public transport and local directions are available through standard Roma navigation services.
Sources & resources
- Official website: http://www.caseromane.it/
- More on Roman domestic architecture: https://culturalheritageonline.com
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