Born in Perugia in 1877, Luisa Spagnoli founded her clothing and confectionery company in 1927, creating the internationally recognised Baci Perugina chocolates and establishing herself as a leading figure in Italian female entrepreneurship.
Founded in 1951–52 to house Istrian and Dalmatian fishing families displaced after World War II, Villaggio del Pescatore remains a small settlement in northeastern Italy with deeper paleontological significance.
Monte Ermada, near Trieste, preserves the landscape and fortifications of the Isonzo battles. Today, wartime bunkers and caves sit within lush forests accessible to hikers.
A 1911 poster by designer RAM promoted Italy’s attractions abroad during the early 20th century, when foreign tourism had become an important source of national income.
Torre Mozza, built in the first half of the 16th century to defend against Turkish pirate raids, stands on the Tuscan coast between Piombino and Follonica as part of a coordinated system of lookout towers.
Built in 1785 near Piombino, Tuscany, Torre del Sale was a coastal defence tower constructed under the Lorena dynasty’s initiative to strengthen Tuscany’s coastal fortifications.
In 1749, the Tower of Baratti in Piombino was documented as severely undermanned and poorly armed, with most weapons broken or missing ammunition. Conditions remained dire decades later across the principality’s coastal fortifications.
Published in July 2020, this article examines the Rio Fanale ridotto, a coastal defensive position located between Piombino and Populonia in Tuscany, whose exact location remained unclear until recent archival research.
In the early nineteenth century, two modest military outposts guarded the long coastline between Piombino and the Gulf of Baratti in Tuscany. Casetta Falcone, built on a promontory overlooking Salivoli, enabled complete surveillance of the coast and coordinated signals with the Forte di Piombino.
