Chitwan National Park
Nepal’s first national park protects a vast expanse of subtropical forest, grassland and river valleys in the Terai region, home to endangered Bengal tigers, Asian rhinoceroses and Asian elephants.
At a glance
Chitwan National Park spans 952.63 km² across south-central Nepal, from river valleys at 100 metres elevation to the forested Sivalik Hills reaching 815 metres. UNESCO recognized the park as a World Heritage Site in 1984, cementing its status as one of Asia’s most important wildlife sanctuaries.
History
Established as the Royal Chitwan National Park in 1973, it became Nepal’s first protected area of this designation. The park’s creation marked a pivotal moment for wildlife conservation in the Himalayan region, responding to the urgent need to preserve endangered species and their habitats from hunting and habitat loss.
What you see
The landscape combines diverse ecosystems: sal forests dominate the elevated terrain, while grasslands and riverine habitats characterize the lower valleys. The park encompasses major waterways including the Rapti, Narayani and Kali Gandaki rivers, creating a mosaic of habitats that sustains a remarkable concentration of wildlife.
Cultural significance
Chitwan represents a crucial refuge for Asia’s most vulnerable megafauna. The park protects one of the last viable populations of Indian rhinoceroses and serves as a stronghold for Bengal tigers during a critical period of their recovery. For Nepal, it embodies the nation’s commitment to wildlife preservation and sustainable coexistence with nature.
Key facts
- Country: Nepal
- Region: Terai, south-central Nepal
- Area: 952.63 km² (367.81 sq mi)
- Elevation range: 100–815 metres
- Established: 1973
- UNESCO World Heritage Site: 1984
- Coordinates: 27.5°N, 84.33°E
Practical information & getting there
The park is located in south-central Nepal within the Terai region. Most visitors reach Chitwan via the town of Bharatpur, the nearest urban centre. For current visitor information, opening hours, accommodation options and wildlife-viewing protocols, consult official park resources or tourism operators based in the region.
Sources & resources
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