A fortified medieval settlement built by the Knights Hospitaller, the old town of Rhodes preserves four centuries of crusader architecture within walls that still encircle the historic core.
At a glance
The Medieval City of Rhodes occupies the northern portion of modern Rhodes town, divided into an upper settlement (the high town) and a lower town. A 4-kilometre defensive wall encloses the entire medieval quarter, marking the boundary of this UNESCO-protected district.
History
Construction of the Medieval City began in 1309, when the Knights Hospitaller of Saint John established their stronghold on the island. For over two centuries, they shaped the urban fabric, fortifications and character of this settlement. The city flourished as a centre of crusader power in the eastern Mediterranean until 1523, when Ottoman forces conquered Rhodes.
What you see
The high town was built entirely under Hospitaller direction and reflects their military and civic needs. Medieval streets, churches, defensive towers and administrative buildings survive within the encircling walls. The lower town developed separately to the south-southwest, creating a layered urban composition that spans four centuries of medieval construction.
Cultural significance
The Medieval City represents a rare surviving example of Crusader urbanism in the Eastern Mediterranean. Its walls, architecture and street plan document the Knights Hospitaller’s presence and governance during a critical period of medieval history. UNESCO recognised this importance in 1988, inscribing the site as a World Heritage property.
Key facts
- Country: Greece
- UNESCO World Heritage Site: 1988
- Construction period: 1309–1523
- Coordinates: 36.43°N, 28.22°E
- Wall circumference: 4 kilometres
Practical information & getting there
The Medieval City forms the historic heart of modern Rhodes town. You can walk the medieval streets freely. The site information centre and local guides offer context for understanding the Hospitaller fortress, street layout and surviving monuments. Consult current opening hours and access details before visiting.
Sources & resources
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